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Malaysia's National Agrofood Policy (NAP) 2021-2030 aims for self-sufficiency and sustainable agriculture through a circular economy. However, underinvestment, fragmented governance, and climate vulnerability pose significant challenges. Smallholder farmers, comprising 80% of the sector, are trapped in low-yield cycles and lack access to circular economy technologies. High food imports, including 60% of vegetables, create vulnerability to external disruptions. Solutions include collectivized innovation through state-backed "circular hubs", redirecting urban food waste for agricultural use, and incentivizing the use of agricultural byproducts. Achieving economy of scale remains a key hurdle.
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